Development of Multiplication Board Media Using the ADDIE Model to Improve Elementary Students’ Mathematics Learning Outcomes

Zia Arfina Taufani; Sudarsri Lestari; Vina Rohmatul Ummah

doi:10.61987/jemr.v5i4.2734

Authors

Zia Arfina Taufani Universitas Islam Ibrahimy Banyuwangi
Sudarsri Lestari Universitas Islam Ibrahimy Banyuwangi
Vina Rohmatul Ummah Universitas Islam Ibrahimy Banyuwangi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61987/jemr.v5i4.2734

Keywords:

Multiplication Board, Mathematics Learning, Learning Media, Learning Outcomes

Abstract

This study aims to develop and examine the feasibility and effectiveness of multiplication board media in improving mathematics learning outcomes among third-grade students. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. Data were collected through observation, interviews, expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and pretest-posttest assessments. The subjects involved material and media experts as validators and third-grade students as research participants. Data analysis was conducted descriptively, while the effectiveness of the developed media was evaluated using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and N-Gain analysis. The results showed that the multiplication board media achieved a feasibility score of 95% from material experts and 85% from media experts, indicating a highly feasible and feasible category, respectively. Student responses demonstrated a very positive perception, with scores ranging from 80% to 90%. The Wilcoxon test showed a significance value of <0.001, and the average N-Gain score of 0.6872 (68.72%) indicated a moderate level of effectiveness. This study implies that multiplication board media can serve as an innovative and practical learning tool to support conceptual understanding and improve students’ mathematics learning outcomes.

References

Abuhassna, H., & Alnawajha, S. (2023). Instructional design made easy! Instructional design models, categories, frameworks, educational context, and recommendations for future work. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 13(4), 715–735. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13040054

Azzumar, F., & Juandi, D. (2023). Concrete-pictorial-abstract approaches to mathematics education: A systematic literature review. Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education, 13(1), 1–11.

Filsafati, N. D., & Fajrie, N. (2023). The influence of using multiplication board media on students’ mathematics learning outcomes multiplication concept material in class II SDN 3 Raguklampitan. ANP Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 4(2), 51–56. https://doi.org/10.53797/anp.jssh.v4i2.7.2023

Ghozali, A. F., & Syafiih, M. (2024). Integration of coding and AI in Islamic education curriculum management: A conceptual study. Proceeding of International Conference on Education, Society and Humanity, 2(2), 462–469.

Gili, A. M. M., Ngura, E. T., Natal, Y. R., & Meka, M. (2025). Implementation of smart board multiplication learning media in mathematics learning for grade III at UPTD SDI Malamude. Journal Corner of Education, Linguistics, and Literature, 5(001), 283–291. https://doi.org/10.54012/jcell.v5i001.558

Harefa, D. (2023). The relationship between students’ interest in learning and mathematics learning outcomes. Afore: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 2(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.57094/afore.v2i2.1054

Matodzi, G., & Nosis, N. (2025). The role of manipulatives in enhancing grade R mathematics learning in Isixhosa. International Journal of Education and Teaching. https://doi.org/10.51483/IJEDT.5.1.2025.83-95

Mustafa, M., & Maulana, M. Z. (2024). Learning innovation: Improving educational effectiveness in the digital age. Proceeding of International Conference on Education, Society and Humanity, 2(2), 720–726.

Niranjan, C., & Brijlall, D. (2024). The use of manipulatives in experimental learning in solving three-dimensional tasks in trigonometry. Gulf Journal of Mathematics. https://doi.org/10.56947/gjom.v16i2.1879

Okte, M. R. M., & Pasca, Y. D. (2025). Implementation of employee skills module development with ADDIE model on corporate e-learning. Jurnal Pendidikan Terbuka Dan Jarak Jauh. https://doi.org/10.33830/ptjj.v26i1.8491.2025

Oyeniran, S., Adedolapo, Y. M., Abubakar, Y. H., & Jimoh, T. B. (2024). Harnessing performance management to elevate lecturer effectiveness in Nigerian colleges. Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 3(2), 114–129. https://doi.org/10.33650/ijess.v3i2.9386

Praditya, A., Hasanah, U., Az-Zahroh, F., & Ou, Q. (2024). Efforts to improve mathematics learning outcomes multiplication material through smart board media class 3 primary school. Journal of Action Research in Education. https://doi.org/10.52620/jare.v2i2.37

Rahayu, A. (2025). Metode penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D): Pengertian, jenis dan tahapan. DIAJAR: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 4(3), 459–470. https://doi.org/10.54259/diajar.v4i3.5092

Rahmadan, I., & Shudiq, W. J. (2024). Increasing student interest in learning through the K-nearest neighbor algorithm in classifying learning preferences at SMAN 1 Kraksaan. Journal of Computer Networks, Architecture and High Performance Computing, 6(4), 1851–1862. https://doi.org/10.47709/cnahpc.v6i4.4526

Sakdiah, Hayati, Mahmud, S., & Furqan, M. (2025). Gamification in Islamic religious education: Developing interactive learning media via Quizizz with the ADDIE model. Edukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran. https://doi.org/10.19109/d48tv716

Sappaile, B., Yusuf, N., Mardiati, M., Zoraida, M. N., & Sitepu, E. (2024). Effectiveness of using audio visual media in improving student achievement in mathematics learning in elementary schools. Journal Emerging Technologies in Education. https://doi.org/10.70177/jete.v2i1.742

Schoenherr, J., Strohmaier, A., & Schukajlow, S. (2024). Learning with visualizations helps: A meta-analysis of visualization interventions in mathematics education. Educational Research Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2024.100639

Setiawati, L., Mahsup, Abdillah, & Syaharuddin. (2024). The impact of using audio-visual interactive media in learning mathematics. Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Review. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijerr.v7i2.63824

Shakeel, S. I., Al Mamun, M. A., & Haolader, M. F. A. (2023). Instructional design with ADDIE and rapid prototyping for blended learning: Validation and its acceptance in the context of TVET Bangladesh. Education and Information Technologies, 28(6), 7601–7630. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11471-0

Sholehah, P. M., & Ichsan, M. (2025). Development of study house Jember learning guidance management application using the Django framework. MJTI: Multidisciplinary Journal of Technology and Informatics, 1(2), 57–65.

Sikhwari, M., & Feza, N. (2024). Manipulatives: Mediators of mathematics development for foundation phase learners. African Perspectives of Research in Teaching and Learning. https://doi.org/10.70875/v8i2article6

Sinaga, B., Sitorus, J., & Situmeang, T. (2023). The influence of students’ problem-solving understanding and results of students’ mathematics learning. Frontiers in Education, 8, Article 1088556. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1088556

Soim, S., Purwanto, E. S., & Haryanti, N. (2026). When leadership and climate matter: Enhancing teachers’ work ethic through participative school leadership. Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 5(1), 56–69. https://doi.org/10.33650/ijess.v5i1.13024

Tabina, A. R., & Dora, N. (2025). Laughing through heritage: The role of Aceh Pungo in sustaining Acehnese identity. Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 4(3), 381–391. https://doi.org/10.33650/ijess.v4i3.13172

Uswah, F., & Siregar, L. N. K. (2024). Development of multiplication board media (paper) to improve the multiplication skills of 2nd-grade elementary school students. ELSE (Elementary School Education Journal): Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Sekolah Dasar, 8(3).* https://doi.org/10.30651/else.v8i3.24793

Wardani, A. B., Hidayah, W. N., Maharani, T. Z., Rozi, F., & Ellianawati, E. (2025). Development of mathematical multiplication board game media to improve the arithmetic ability of 3rd grade elementary school students. Taman Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Ke-SD-An, 9(2), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.30738/tc.v9i2.21140