Consumerism in Indonesian Contemporary Popular Culture: A Qur’anic Ethical Critique of Urban Consumption Patterns

Abstract

This study aims to analyze consumerism in contemporary popular culture and critically examine consumption practices through Qur’anic ethical principles, particularly wasatiyyah, and the prohibition of isrāf and tabżīr. The study employed a qualitative descriptive design using field and library approaches. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with religious leaders and Muslim consumers, observations of contemporary consumption practices, and documentation of Qur’anic texts, interpretations, and relevant scholarly literature. Data were analyzed through data condensation, data display, and verification to identify recurring patterns of consumption and their relationship with Qur’anic ethical values. The findings show that popular culture contributes to normalizing excessive consumption by encouraging pleasure-oriented consumption, social recognition, lifestyle presentation, and material-based self-image. Consumption practices were frequently associated with identity construction and social validation rather than functional needs. These patterns indicate tensions between contemporary consumer culture and Qur’anic principles of moderation, self-control, and responsible consumption. The study highlights the importance of reactivating Qur’anic ethical values in religious education, public discourse, and digital spaces to promote more balanced, conscious, and socially responsible consumption practices.