Organizational Justice as a Key Driver of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Banking Industry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61987/bamj.v4i1.2073Keywords:
Organizational Justice, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Banking Industry, Employee BehaviorAbstract
This study examines the effects of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), with workplace spirituality serving as a mediating variable within the banking sector. The research is based on how multidimensional organizational justice influences OCB through workplace spirituality especially in highly structured and performance-oriented industries such as banking. This study employed a quantitative research approach involving 126 banking employees in East Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire distributed through a convenience sampling technique and analyzed using SEM-PLS with SmartPLS 4.0. The findings indicate that distributive justice significantly affects OCB (β = 0.255; p < 0.05) and workplace spirituality (β = 0.285; p < 0.05). In contrast, procedural justice (β = 0.096; p > 0.05) and interactional justice (β = 0.073; p > 0.05) do not demonstrate significant direct effects on OCB. However, procedural justice (β = 0.334; p < 0.05) and interactional justice (β = 0.337; p < 0.05) significantly influence workplace spirituality, while workplace spirituality significantly enhances OCB (β = 0.642; p < 0.001). Workplace spirituality significantly mediates the relationships between distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice, and OCB. The findings contribute to the organizational justice literature by demonstrating that workplace spirituality serves as an important psychological mechanism through which perceptions of justice translate into positive discretionary behavior among banking employees.
References
Aslam, M., Qayyum, A., & Sarwar, M. (2022). An Exploration of Distributive and Interactional Justice as Predictors of Workplace Spirituality of School Teachers. Review of Education, Administration & Law, 5(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.47067/real.v5i2.222
Dubey, P., Pathak, A. K., & Sahu, K. K. (2022). Analysing Workplace Spirituality as a Mediator in The Link Between Job Satisfaction and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour. Management Matters, 19(2), 109–128. https://doi.org/10.1108/manm-12-2021-0003
Ertemsir, E., Bal, Y., Demirhan, A., & Kökalan, Ö. (2024). The Moderating Role of Workplace Spirituality on The Effect of Organizational Justice on Job Satisfaction. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1360913. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1360913
Gyekye, S. A., & Haybatollahi, M. (2014). Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Do Fairness Perceptions Influence Employee Citizenship? International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 20(2), 199–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2014.11077045
Hair, J., & Alamer, A. (2022). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in Second Language and Education Research: Guidelines Using an Applied Example. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, 1(3), 100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmal.2022.100027
Hermanto, Y. B., Srimulyani, V. A., & Pitoyo, D. J. (2024). The Mediating Role of Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment in The Link Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Heliyon, 10(6), e27664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27664
Hermawan, F., Purnomo, H., Kusumastuti, D., Fitriana, R., Octaleny, E., Ie, M., & Sudadi. (2024). The Role of Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of SMEs Employees in the Digital Era. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(7), 5194. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i7.5194
Hsieh, C. M., Chen, S., Peng, T. Te, Chen, A., & Chen, C. J. (2024). The Relationship Between Workplace Justice and Self-Evaluated Nonfatal Occupational Accidents Among Healthcare Employees in Taiwan. Medicine (United States), 103(32), e39215. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000039215
Hwang, E., & Yi, Y. (2022). Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Justice in Turnover Intention of Mental Health Professionals at Small-Sized Centres. Journal of Nursing Management, 30(1), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13459
Iman, B., Tjahjono, H. K., & Qamari, I. N. (2024). Examining The Influence of Organizational Justice and Workplace Spirituality on Mental Health: Exploring The Interplay of Interpersonal Trust. Examining The Influence Of Organizational Justice And Workplace Spirituality On Mental Health: Exploring The Interplay Of Interpersonal Trust, 30, 7666–7677. https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i5.3052
Indonesian Banking HR Forum. (2024). National Banking Employee Engagement Survey 2024.
Iqbal, J., & Parray, Z. A. (2025). Striking the Balance: Unraveling the Influence of Organizational Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior with Corporate Social Responsibility as the Bridge. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 74(6), 2091–2112. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-01-2024-0065
Jaiyeoba, H. B., & Hazahari, N. Y. (2024). Investigating The Factors Contributing to Employee Engagement in Islamic Higher Education Institutions. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-12-2022-0327
Jnaneswar, K., & Ranjit, G. (2021). Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Psychological Ownership. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 9(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-01-2021-0012
Lestari, I., Hardhienata, S., & Sunaryo, W. (2025). Enhancing Organizational Citizenship Behavior Through Job Satisfaction Mediation: The Role of Spiritual Beliefs, Cooperation, and organizational Justice. Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education, 6(2), 550–562. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v6i2.1915
Maharjan, M., Pokhrel, S. K. P., Pokhrel, L., & Giri, B. (2024). Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Mediating Role of Teachers’ Commitment. Journal of Business and Management, 8(2), 80–97. https://doi.org/10.3126/jbm.v8i2.76131
Mapuranga, M., Maziriri, E. T., Rukuni, T. F., & Lose, T. (2021). Employee Organisational Commitment and the Mediating Role of Work Locus of Control and Employee Job Satisfaction: The Perspective of SME Workers. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(7), 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14070306
Muharom, F. (2023). The Impact of Spiritual Leadership and Motivational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Religious Performance: Evidence from Indonesian Islamic Schools. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 29(1), 284–296. https://doi.org/10.52152/kuey.v29i1.841
Na’imah, T., Tjahjono, H. K., & Madjid, A. (2023). Workplace Well-Being: The Roles of Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational Justice and Workplace Spirituality. Quality - Access to Success, 24(193), 257–267. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/24.193.29
Nurbianta, N., Consuelo, J. B., Ahmadong, A., & Farida Muslicha, A. N. F. M. (2022). Assessment Study of Adversity Quotient and Servant Leadership to Improve Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Strengthening Managerial Competencies of Education Leader. International Journal of Educational Management and Innovation, 3(2), 124–137. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijemi.v3i2.5241
Obregon, S. L., Lopes, L. F. D., Kaczam, F., & da Silva, W. V. (2022). Religiosity, Spirituality and Work: A Systematic Literature Review and Research Directions. Journal of Business Ethics, 179(2), 573–595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04856-7
Ozdemir, S., Palframan, J. T., Sever, M., & Agcasulu, H. (2022). Workplace Spirituality as a Mediator Between Organizational Trust and Thriving at Work. Vision. https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629221101156
Panjaitan, D., Susita, D., & Suherman, S. (2023). The Effect of Organizational Culture, Personality and Employee Engagement on Employee Organizational Citizenship Behavior in The Cooperative Revolving Fund Management Institution, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (LPDB-KUMKM). Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health, 2(7), 497–521. https://doi.org/10.46799/ajesh.v2i7.93
Pariyanti, E., Rosid, A., & Adawiyah, W. R. (2022). Workplace Deviant Behavior Among Employees of Islamic-Based Universities in Lampung: The Moderating Role of Islamic Workplace Spirituality. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 14(4), 1567–1591. https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-03-2021-0089
Paul, M., & Jena, L. K. (2022). Workplace Spirituality, Teachers’ Professional Well-being and Mediating Role of Positive Psychological Capital: An Empirical Validation in The Indian Context. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 38(4), 633–660. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-08-2021-0163
Rahman, M. H. A., & Karim, D. N. (2022). Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Exploring the Mediating Role of Psychological Well-Being at Work. Heliyon, 8(5), 233–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09450
Raza, M., Khan, S., & Khalid, S. (2023). Influence of Ethical Climate, Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Justice on Workplace Deviant Behavior. Journal of Policy Research, 9(2), 883–900. https://doi.org/10.61506/02.00033
Sani, A., & Ekowati, V. M. (2022). Spirituality to Organizational Citizenship Behavior from Islamic Perspective: Mediating Role of Spirituality at Work and Organizational Commitment. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(12), 2672–2694. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-07-2020-0211
Setiawan, M., & Palupi, M. (2022). The Effect of Organizational Justice on Desire to Change Jobs: Organizational Citizenship Behavior as a Variable. Jurnal Syntax Transformation, 3(11), 1453–1480. https://doi.org/10.46799/jst.v3i11.642
Sokmen, A., & Yasrebdoost, H. (2022). Comparing the Mediation Role of Organizational Trust on the Effect of Workplace Spirituality on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 11(1), 111–121.
Taamneh, M., Aljawarneh, N., Al-Okaily, M., Taamneh, A., & Al-Oqaily, A. (2024). The Impact of Ethical Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Higher Education: The Contingent Role of Organizational Justice. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1), 2294834. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2294834
Thao, P. K., Phuong, N. N. D., Phuc, V. T., & Huan, N. H. (2024). Organizational Commitment and its Impact on Employee Performance in The Water Supply Industry: Dataset from Vietnamese State-owned Enterprises. Data in Brief, 52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110029
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Fauzan Muttaqien, Zohaib Hassan Sain
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
