Beyond the Classroom Screen: Student Preferences for Blended Erudition in Open and Distance Learning Institutions

Authors

  • Onikoyi Olawale Abayomi Al-Hikmah University Ilorin
  • Onikoyi Yetunde Raliat Adeola Lagos State University
  • Bankole Olabisi Latifat Iconic University
  • Nafiu Aminat Adejoke National Open University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52627/managere.v8i2.2139

Keywords:

Blended Erudition, Online Learning Adoption, Technological Barriers

Abstract

Open and distance learning (ODL) institutions in Nigeria face persistent challenges in delivering digital instruction to geographically dispersed students due to weak infrastructure, high internet costs, and limited institutional support. This study examined undergraduate adoption and preference for online and blended learning in selected ODL institutions in Lagos State and identified technological factors influencing adoption. A descriptive survey design was used with 480 purposively selected undergraduates from three institutions. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using mean scores, z-scores, and chi-square tests. Findings indicate a statistically significant preference for blended learning over fully online delivery. Key barriers include high data costs, unstable electricity supply, inadequate technical support, and low digital literacy, although students still recognize the efficiency and flexibility of online learning. The study concludes that limited adoption is driven more by structural readiness constraints than learner resistance. The findings imply that institutional and policy interventions should prioritize investment in digital infrastructure, affordable internet access, reliable power systems, continuous technical support, and sustained digital literacy training to ensure equitable and effective ODL delivery.

References

Altaf, S., Soomro, M. W., & Kazmi, L. (2020). IDCUP Algorithm to Classifying Arbitrary Shapes and Densities for Center-Based Clustering Performance Analysis. Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management, 15, 91–108. https://doi.org/10.28945/4541

Aziz, A., & Hossain, M. T. (2024). Digital Access, Resources, and Literacy: Mapping the Digital Divide and ICT Learning Challenges Among Undergraduate Students in Bangladesh. Asiascape: Digital Asia, 11(3), 246–267. https://doi.org/10.1163/22142312-bja10064

Biney, I. K. (2022). Experiences of Adult Learners Engaged in Online Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ghana. International Journal of Adult Education and Technology, 13(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAET.310075

Brimblecombe, N., Stevens, M., Gowen, S., Moriarty, J., Skyer, R., Bauer, A., & Bou, C. (2024). Types and Aspects of Support That Young Carers Need and Value, and Barriers and Enablers to Access: The REBIAS-YC Qualitative Study. Health and Social Care Delivery Research, 12(36), 1–108. https://doi.org/10.3310/ABAT6761

Chand, S. S., & Kumar, B. A. (2025). Investigating Mobile Blended Learning Adoption With Usability Factors: An Empirical Study. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 22(4), 640–659. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-08-2024-0182

Choudhury, S., Senapati, C., & Sarma, N. N. (2023). Management Education in Technology-Mediated ODL Platform: Implications for Educators in Context of Shifting Learning Path and Digital Divide. Asian Association of Open Universities Journal, 18(2), 144–159. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAOUJ-08-2022-0117

Deng, Q. (2024). The Impact of Interpersonal Relationships on Students’ Academic Achievement in Primary and Secondary Schools. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 29, 49–55. https://doi.org/10.54097/kbv61k56

Fan, S., Chen, L., Nair, M., Garg, S., Yeom, S., Kregor, G., Yang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2021). Revealing Impact Factors on Student Engagement: Learning Analytics Adoption in Online and Blended Courses in Higher Education. Education Sciences, 11(10), 608. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11100608

Feng, L., He, L., & Ding, J. (2023). The Association Between Perceived Teacher Support, Students’ ICT Self-Efficacy, and Online English Academic Engagement in the Blended Learning Context. Sustainability, 15(8), 6839. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086839

Gamji, M. B., Kara, N., Nasidi, Q. Y., & Abdul, A. I. (2022). The Challenges of Digital Divide and the Use of Web 2.0 Platforms as Knowledge Sharing Tools Among Nigerian Academics. Information Development, 38(1), 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666920981669

Guo, Z. (2023). Causal Inference With Invalid Instruments: Post-Selection Problems and a Solution Using Searching and Sampling. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology), 85(3), 959–985. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrsssb/qkad049

Harrison, S., Alderdice, F., & Quigley, M. A. (2023). Impact of Sampling and Data Collection Methods on Maternity Survey Response: A Randomised Controlled Trial of Paper and Push-to-Web Surveys and a Concurrent Social Media Survey. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-023-01833-8

Jain, N. (2021). Survey Versus Interviews: Comparing Data Collection Tools for Exploratory Research. The Qualitative Report, 26(2), 541–554. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.4492

Kusmaryono, I., Wijayanti, D., & Maharani, H. R. (2022). Number of Response Options, Reliability, Validity, and Potential Bias in the Use of the Likert Scale Education and Social Science Research: A Literature Review. International Journal of Educational Methodology, 8(4), 625–637. https://doi.org/10.12973/ijem.8.4.625

Marinakis, G. (2021). Selection of Sampling Keys for Cryptographic Tests. Journal of Applied Mathematics & Bioinformatics, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.47260/jamb/1121

Obon, A., Balila, J. S., & Balila, E. A. (2025). Factor Analysis of Research Culture: A Comparative Study of 3-Point and 5-Point Likert Scales. International Journal of Health Sciences, 9(1), 26–51. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v9n1.15375

Oldenburg, R. (2024). Detection and Correction of Likert Scale Multiplicative Response-Style Bias. Qeios, 6(11). https://doi.org/10.32388/CRR544.2

Olugbenga, A. F., (2025). The Digital Divide and Learning Inequality: A Cross-Regional Study of E-Learning Access and Quality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Asian Business Research Journal, 10(9), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.55220/2576-6759.563

Onyeabor, U. S., Onwuasoigwe, O., Okenwa, W. O., Schaaf, T., Pinkwart, N., & Balzer, F. (2025). Assessing the Usability and Performance of Digital Healthcare Systems in Nigerian Teaching Hospitals: Challenges and Future Directions. Digital Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251341089

Phongsatha, T. (2024). Unveiling the Influence of Technological, Learning, and Innovation Capabilities, Student Mindset, Perceived Benefits, and Government Policies on EdTech Adoption in Thailand. International Journal of Religion, 5(11), 4249–4260. https://doi.org/10.61707/3m4t8w49

Qamar, M. T., Malik, A., Yasmeen, J., Sadiqe, M., & Ajmal, M. (2024). Incorporating Face-to-Face and Online Learning Features to Propose Blended Learning Framework for Post-COVID Classrooms in India. Asian Association of Open Universities Journal, 19(1), 70–87. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAOUJ-08-2023-0097

Rohr, B., Silber, H., & Felderer, B. (2025). Comparing the Accuracy of Univariate, Bivariate, and Multivariate Estimates Across Probability and Nonprobability Surveys With Population Benchmarks. Sociological Methodology, 55(1), 121–154. https://doi.org/10.1177/00811750241280963

Roy, M., Chowdhury, B., & Mondal, R. (2021). Barriers and Facilitators for Adoption of Online Teaching Learning Methods During COVID-19 Pandemic Among Medical Faculties in a Medical College of West Bengal: Qualitative Analysis. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 10(45), 3953–3957. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/798

sayginer, Ş., Balaman, F., & Hanbay Tiryaki, S. (2022). The Current Trend in Educational Neuroscience Research: A Descriptive and Bibliometric Study. Journal of Computer and Education Research, 10(19), 184–201. https://doi.org/10.18009/jcer.1002588

Schell, C., Godinho, A., & Cunningham, J. A. (2022). Using a Consistency Check During Data Collection to Identify Invalid Responding in an Online Cannabis Screening Survey. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-022-01556-2

Shang, Y., & Harb, Y. (2025). Does Blended Online Learning Elevate Students’ Intention to Continue Adoption? International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 43(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-10-2024-0226

Soullier, N., Legleye, S., & Richard, J. B. (2022). Moving Towards a Single-Frame Cell Phone Design in Random Digit Dialing Surveys: Considerations From a French General Population Health Survey. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-022-01573-1

Šulc, A., Erčulj, V., & Mihelič, A. (2025). Translation Symmetry and Familiarity of End-Point Anchor Points in Likert Scales. Methodology, 21(3), 161–179. https://doi.org/10.5964/meth.17093

Vaillancourt, N., Jimenez-Garcia, J. A., & DeMont, R. (2025). The Child-Focused Injury Risk Screening Tool (ChildFIRST) Demonstrates Greater Reliability When Using a Dichotomous Scale vs. a Seven-Point Likert Scale, and Is Preferred by Raters. Sci, 7(4), 145. https://doi.org/10.3390/sci7040145

Westland, J. C. (2022). Information Loss and Bias in Likert Survey Responses. PLoS ONE, 17(7), e0271949. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271949

William, & Oei, F. J. (2024). Comparison Results of Multi-Criteria Analysis Methods: SAW, TOPSIS, and MAUT in Contractor Selection at PT X. Jurnal Infrastruktur, 10(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.35814/infrastruktur.v10i2.6936

Downloads

Published

2026-06-15

How to Cite

Abayomi, O. O., Adeola, O. Y. R., Latifat, B. O., & Adejoke, N. A. (2026). Beyond the Classroom Screen: Student Preferences for Blended Erudition in Open and Distance Learning Institutions. Managere: Indonesian Journal of Educational Management, 8(2), 130–141. https://doi.org/10.52627/managere.v8i2.2139

Issue

Section

Articles