A Conceptual Model of Islamic Educational Leadership for Managing Constructive Conflict and Strengthening Quality Culture in Madrasahs

Indah Aminatuz Zuhriyah; Siti Aisah; Hidayat Hidayat

doi:10.61987/edsojou.v3i2.1395

Authors

Indah Aminatuz Zuhriyah Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Siti Aisah Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Hidayat Hidayat Universitas Islam Negeri Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61987/edsojou.v3i2.1395

Keywords:

Islamic Educational Leadership, Constructive Conflict Management, Value-based Leadership, Quality Culture

Abstract

Leadership practices in many educational settings remain largely authoritarian, limiting the effectiveness of constructive conflict management and hindering the development of an inclusive, quality-oriented institutional culture. This study aims to analyze the leadership practices of madrasah principals in conflict management, reconstructing the meaning of the concept of "giving in does not mean losing" within the framework of constructive conflict management. The research used a qualitative approach with a case study design conducted in a public Islamic elementary school. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation, and analyzed using an interactive model. The findings indicate that conflict in madrasahs is multidimensional, encompassing policy, interpersonal, and communication conflicts. Leadership practices based on Islamic values are realized through a "giving in" strategy characterized by active listening, emotional regulation, empathy, and strategic compromise. Constructive conflict management is achieved through a collaborative resolution process that prioritizes mutual understanding and shared goals. Internalization of values-based leadership increases teacher commitment and supports continuous improvement in the quality of learning. This study contributes to the development of values-based educational leadership theory and offers practical insights for madrasah management aligned with global educational and institutional development agendas. It is recommended that future research expand this model to different educational contexts and include quantitative validation to strengthen its generalizability.

References

AbdulRab, H. (2023). Teacher Professional Development in the 21st Century. African Journal of Education and Practice, 9(4), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.47604/ajep.2237

Aggrawal, S., & Magana, A. J. (2024). Teamwork Conflict Management Training and Conflict Resolution Practice via Large Language Models. Future Internet, 16(5), 177. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16050177

Agu, E. E., Nwabekee, U. S., Abdul-Azeez, T. I., & Yetunde, I. O. (2024). The Role of Strategic Business Leadership in Driving Product Marketing Success: Insights from Emerging Markets. International Journal of Frontline Research in Science and Technology, 3(2), 001–018. https://doi.org/10.56355/ijfrst.2024.3.2.0044

Aprilianti, E. (2024). Integrating Islamic Psychological Principles in Enhancing Students’ Academic Resilience. Nusantara Journal of Behavioral and Social Sciences, 3(2), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.47679/202246

Basaffar, F. (2022). Transformational Educational Leadership: A Review of Relevant Literature with a Focus on Implications and Recommendations for Good Practice. International Journal of Language and Literary Studies, 4(4), 27–38.

Busahdiar, Karimah, U., & Tamin, S. (2023). Total Quality Management (TQM) and Basic Education: Its Application to Islamic Education in Muhammadiyah Elementary Schools. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 20(2), 215–232. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v20i2.8015

Chand, S. P. (2025). Methods of Data Collection in Qualitative Research: Interviews, Focus Groups, Observations, and Document Analysis. Advances in Educational Research and Evaluation, 6(1), 303–317. https://doi.org/10.25082/aere.2025.01.001

Coviello, J., & DeMatthews, D. E. (2021). Failure is not Final: Principals’ Perspectives on Creating Inclusive Schools for Students with Disabilities. Journal of Educational Administration, 59(4), 514–531. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-08-2020-0170

Ertürk, R. (2022). Conflict in Schools: A Qualitative Study. Participatory Educational Research, 9(1), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.22.14.9.1

Fathih, M. A., Supriyatno, T., & Amin Nur, M. (2021). Visionary Leadership of The Head of Diniyah Madrasah in Improving The Quality Santri. Nidhomul Haq : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(3), 513–525. https://doi.org/10.31538/ndh.v6i3.1527

Fikriyah, F., Pratama, F. A., & Barnawi, B. (2024). School Based Management in Improving the Quality of Elementary Schools. Eduprof: Islamic Education Journal, 6(1), 78–85.

Gilli, K., Lettner, N., & Guettel, W. (2024). The Future of Leadership: New Digital Skills or Old Analog Virtues? Journal of Business Strategy, 45(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-06-2022-0093

Gilouri, S., & Shafiezadeh, H. (2034). An Analysis of Iran’s Experience in Privatization of Education: A Qualitative Assessment of Non-Governmental Schools’ Status with Emphasis on Indicators of European Foundation for Quality Management Excellence Model. Iranian Journal of Comparative Education, 2021(2), 1178–1191.

Gura, K. S., Nica, E., Kliestik, T., & Puime-Guillén, F. (2023). Circular Economy in Territorial Planning Strategy: Incorporation in Cluster Activities and Economic Zones. Environmental Technology and Innovation, 32, 103357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103357

Haerizadeh, M., & Vijaya Sunder, M. (2022). Bridging Organizational Performance Gaps using the EFQM Excellence Model. Quality Management Journal, 29(4), 248–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/10686967.2022.2112926

Hirose, M., & Creswell, J. W. (2023). Applying Core Quality Criteria of Mixed Methods Research to an Empirical Study. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 17(1), 12–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/15586898221086346

Huguley, J. P., Fussell-Ware, D. J., McQueen, S. S., Wang, M. Te, & DeBellis, B. R. (2022). Completing the Circle: Linkages Between Restorative Practices, Socio-Emotional Well-Being, and Racial Justice in Schools. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 30(2), 138–153. https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266221088989

Islamiah, R., & Maulidiah, L. (2024). Building Strong Foundations, Educational Management’s Contribution to Character Education and Graduate Quality Enhancement. Ar-Rosikhun: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 3(3), 244–257. https://doi.org/10.18860/rosikhun.v3i3.26503

Kainde, S. J. R., & Mandagi, D. (2023). A Systematic Review of Servant Leadership Outcomes in Education Context. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 4(2), 2563–2574. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v4i2.627

Kartika, I., Saepudin, S., Norman, E., & Uswatiyah, W. (2023). Instilling Religious Character Values in Elementary School Students Through Islamic Religious Education Learning. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 9(4), 100. https://doi.org/10.29210/020232598

Khalili, A., Kordestani, F., Delgoshaei, Y., & Khah, A. H. (2023). Study of Indices of Research and Development Management for the Scholar Performance of Scientific Board Members. Tehnicki Glasnik, 17(1), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.31803/tg-20220405092109

Köhler, T. (2024). Multilevel Qualitative Research: Insights from Practice. European Management Journal, 42(4), 503–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.03.011

Leithwood, K. (2021). A Review of Evidence about Equitable School Leadership. Education Sciences, 11(8), 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11080377

Lyon, A. R., Corbin, C. M., Brown, E. C., Ehrhart, M. G., Locke, J., Davis, C., Picozzi, E., Aarons, G. A., & Cook, C. R. (2022). Leading The Charge in The Education Sector: Development and Validation of The School Implementation Leadership Scale (SILS). Implementation Science, 17(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-022-01222-7

Malik, M. S., Rahma, T. H., & Utami, V. A. (2021). Analysis of The Effective Leadership Style of Madrasa Heads in The 21st Century. MUDARRISA: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Islam, 13(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.18326/mdr.v13i1.1-19

Mansor, F. A., Jusoh, Y. H. M., Hashim, M. Z., Muhammad, N., & Omar, S. N. Z. (2021). Employee Engagement and Organizational Performance. Business, Management and Economics Research, 73, 93–100. https://doi.org/10.32861/bmer.73.93.100

Marzuki, A. (2023). Wisdom in Action: Village Kiai’s Leading the Charge in Non-Formal Education Advancement. Education and Sociedad Journal, 1(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.61987/edsojou.v1i1.527

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2015). Qualitative Data A Methods Sourcebook. In Etika Jurnalisme Pada Koran Kuning : Sebuah Studi Mengenai Koran Lampu Hijau (Third edit, Vol. 16, Issue 2). SAGE Publications Inc.

Mirsafian, H., Amiri, E., & Asefi, A. (2023). Effec of Educational Intervention of Communicational Skills on Self Management Behaviours and Conflict Management of Wrestling Coaches. Sport Management Journal, 15(2), 77–93.

Muharom, F. (2023). The Impact of Spiritual Leadership and Motivational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Religious Performance: Evidence from Indonesian Islamic Schools. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 29(1), 284–296. https://doi.org/10.52152/kuey.v29i1.841

Mukhlis, M., Mustofa, I., & Syarifudin, A. (2022). The Role of Civil Society Organizations in Combating Religious based Radicalism in Indonesia: A Critical Analysis from the Perspective of Collaboration Governance. Saudi Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 7(4), 155–163. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjhss.2022.v07i04.007

Munyon, T. P., Houghton, J. D., Simarasl, N., Dawley, D. D., & Howe, M. (2021). Limits of Authenticity: How Organizational Politics Bound The Positive Effects of Authentic Leadership on Follower Satisfaction and Performance. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 51(6), 594–609. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12762

Pariyanti, E., Rosid, A., & Adawiyah, W. R. (2022). Workplace Deviant Behavior Among Employees of Islamic-Based Universities in Lampung: The Moderating Role of Islamic Workplace Spirituality. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 14(4), 1567–1591. https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-03-2021-0089

Qalati, S. A., Zafar, Z., Fan, M., Sánchez Limón, M. L., & Khaskheli, M. B. (2022). Employee Performance under Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Mediated Model. Heliyon, 8(11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11374

Saini, M., Sengupta, E., Singh, M., Singh, H., & Singh, J. (2023). Sustainable Development Goal for Quality Education (SDG 4): A Study on SDG 4 to Extract The Pattern of Association among The Indicators of SDG 4 Employing a Genetic Algorithm. Education and Information Technologies, 28(2), 2031–2069. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11265-4

Salabi, A. S. (2023). Promoting Inclusive Education: Enhancing the Quality and Addressing Challenges in Teaching Islamic Religious Education to Children with Special Needs. Idarah (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kependidikan), 6(2), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.47766/idarah.v6i2.417

Sliwka, A., Klopsch, B., Beigel, J., & Tung, L. (2024). Transformational Leadership for Deeper Learning: Shaping Innovative School Practices for Enhanced Learning. Journal of Educational Administration, 62(1), 103–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-03-2023-0049

Sudha, A., Azam, S. M. F., & Tham, J. (2023). Transformational Leadership and Job Performance of Maldives Civil Service Employees, Mediated by Organisational Commitment. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 36(3), 271–287. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-09-2022-0198

Tao, Y., & Tao, Y. (2024). Integrating Aesthetic Education in Quality Education: A Bibliometric Analysis of Sustainable Development Perspectives. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(2), 855. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020855

Virgiawan, A. R., Riyanto, S., & Endri, E. (2021). Organizational Culture as a Mediator Motivation and Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 10(3), 67–79. https://doi.org/10.36941/AJIS-2021-0065

Winardi, M. A., Prentice, C., & Weaven, S. (2022). Systematic Literature Review on Emotional Intelligence and Conflict Management. Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science: Bridging Asia and the World, 32(3), 372–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/21639159.2020.1808847